Paul
shared that he was dumbstruck and unsure how to respond. He had asked
the team to tell him if they were struggling with the workload, but no
one had come to him. But judging from the other scowls in the room, it
seemed Elena’s feelings were widely shared. Paul tried to assure her he
did care and wanted to make things better and asked if they could
continue the conversation offline. The collective eye-rolling made it
clear nobody believed him.
We
asked Paul how much merit Elena’s complaint had. He told us that since
the layoffs, upper management was piling on more work despite promises
to the contrary. He said: “I’ve tried to push back, but it falls on deaf
ears. And I obviously haven’t done a good job paying attention to how
it was impacting my team.”
At
some point, regardless of how the circumstances arise, your team will
blame you for something that’s making them unhappy, whether you have
control over it or not. When things aren’t going well at work, the boss
is one of the easiest places to aim dissatisfaction, as they see you as
having more control than they do. Paul was fortunate that Elena did it
openly. We’ve heard countless stories of passive-aggressive behaviors
from employees that signal something is wrong, but when asked, they
return a cold shoulder or say everything’s fine.
When
your team blames you for something, it’s natural to feel a range of
uncomfortable emotions. Paul felt understandably defensive because he
wasn’t the one to mandate the layoff. It’s also possible to feel guilty,
questioning your own actions and decisions that led to your team’s
displeasure. Or you may feel isolated and unsupported, bearing the
brunt of difficult decisions
and their aftermath alone. We asked Paul what cues he might have missed
that preceded the eventual eruption in the meeting. Initially steeped
in shame, Paul struggled to look back objectively. But eventually, he
connected a number of dots revealing that his team members, and
especially Elena, were increasingly distressed.
Human instinct is to assign blame, and
research
shows that we judge the actions that result in negative consequences as
being more deliberate than those leading to positive ones. This
tendency is due to the
fundamental attribution error, which leads us to blame people for situations beyond their control. Unsurprisingly, leaders attract
more blame for failures than people in other positions; however, they do not receive more credit for successes.
The
net of these psychological phenomena is that, as a leader, you could
find yourself on the receiving end of your team’s blame more than you’d
like.
Your Brain on Blame
Being
accused by your team of failing them in some way, whether justified or
not, induces a threat state in your brain, impairing your ability to
think clearly
and triggering a variety of cognitive distortions and defensive
behaviors. When the proverbial crowd of fingers is pointing at you, it
can lead you to irrational perceptions. Unlike other emotionally
triggering experiences, where the amygdala runs amok with
fight/flight/freeze reactions, blame adds some neural bonus features
that make it even harder to navigate.
On top of
triggering a sense of threat in the amygdala, blame can affect your ability to regulate your emotions. Further, blame activates the areas of the brain associated with
rejection and shame,
misreading of social cues, and
distorted self-perception.
This cocktail of neuro-reactions lights a veritable fuse and can set
off self-protective behaviors, including blame-shifting, going on the
counterattack, or justifying your actions without listening to your
team’s concerns. Alternatively, feeling accused might lead you to
downplay others’ feelings of frustration and anger, or avoid the
situation altogether. However, these responses will only further degrade
the morale and trust of your team.
In
the face of blame — warranted or not — here are some ways you can work
through the experience while keeping important relationships intact.
Be brutally honest with yourself.
When
facing accusations and blame, managing the initial surge of negative
emotions is crucial. Start by identifying and naming your feelings,
asking yourself, “What are two or three adjectives that describe how I
feel right now?”
Research shows that briefly labeling your emotions can significantly reduce their intensity by
lessening amygdala activity and engaging the prefrontal cortex. This step, along with
accepting your emotions
as a valid and natural response to the situation, will help you
down-regulate your physiological response and shift into a more
positive state.
Next,
take an honest look at your contributions to the situation. Ask
yourself, “What did I do — or not do — that contributed to these
circumstances?” Consider how you might have handled things differently.
For example, Paul realized that in his own frustration with feeling
disempowered by the performance pressures, he’d failed to let his team
know how he had advocated for resources and pushed back on the workload
challenges. He also realized that he’d allowed his disenfranchisement to
get in the way of that advocacy, likely making his appeals to
leadership come across as half-hearted.
Replace defensiveness with self-compassion.
In addition to negative feelings like shame (I’ve been caught) and resentment (That’s not fair), your
reflexive response to accusation will also be to self-protect. While
defensiveness has an immediate appeal — it tamps down some of the
emotional discomfort of blame — it has the unfortunate side effect of
entrenching that discomfort for a longer period of time.
Before parsing out the truth within the accusation, adopt a posture of grace and
self-compassion.
Begin exploring whether you have any legitimate culpability. Tell
yourself, “This doesn’t feel good, and if I come to see that this
accusation has merit, I will forgive myself so that I can ask
forgiveness from them.” Remember that the more you hold fast to the goal
of establishing partial or total innocence, the more difficult
reconciliation will be with your complainant. By beginning with a
posture of self-compassion, you can show empathy to your complainants,
regardless of your degree of blamelessness or guilt.
Listen, acknowledge, validate.
Schedule
a meeting (or a series of meetings, if necessary) to address your
team’s concerns. Initiate the conversation clearly and empathetically —
for example, “I heard your concerns about workload and feeling
unsupported. I want to understand your perspective. Can we discuss this
and explore potential solutions together?”
Feeling
accused, you may be tempted to defend yourself and counter their
accusations, but this will only strain relations further. Instead, focus
on listening actively: Give them your undivided attention, ask
open-ended questions, mirror back what you hear, and adopt an open and
nonjudgmental attitude. Research has shown that
high-quality listening increases people’s sense of comfort and connection, facilitates insight, and even narrows the divide in perspectives.
Acknowledge
and validate your team’s feelings and experiences, even if they differ
from yours. Affirming their experiences will help them feel understood
and valued and
reduce their negative emotions. You might say, “I hear you and now I better understand how you feel overworked and unsupported.”
Own your part.
Leadership
demands accountability, but often, not all aspects of a situation are
within your control. Distinguish between what you were and were not able
to influence to right-size and appropriately address feelings of guilt
or shame. This will help you objectively consider what you might do
differently moving forward. For instance, Paul couldn’t avert the
layoffs, but he acknowledged that he overlooked his team’s distress
signs and didn’t effectively challenge the additional work requests from
senior management. And while Paul was responsible for his response to
the layoff, he wasn’t responsible for Elena’s outburst.
When
you fall short of your team’s expectations and they see you at fault,
regardless of how much culpability you actually had, trust is ruptured.
They may have lost faith in your abilities as a leader, your motives, or
both. To start mending these relationships and rebuilding trust, issue a
meaningful apology:
Own up to what you did or failed to do, demonstrate that you understand
how it impacted them, and share what you will do differently to prevent
the same thing from reoccurring. For example, Paul said, “I failed to
manage our team’s workload since the layoff, and I realize that has
caused a lot of long hours, stress, and strain for you. I am sorry.
Going forward, I will let you know when I make appeals on your behalf,
and I will do so with more resolve instead of like a victim.” Showing
humility by admitting to your shortcomings and mistakes fosters
psychological safety and performance.
Build long-term solutions together.
By
maintaining reconciliation as your primary focus instead of
establishing innocence or guilt, you can work to repair the trust that’s
degraded in the process — both your complainant’s trust of you and
yours of them. Having taken responsibility, you can now figure out how
to resolve things. The key here is not
to go away, determine the best fix, and come back and unveil it. If
you’re tempted to do that, it’s likely you’re trying to alleviate your
guilt and restore their regard for you, not restore their trust and your
relationship.
The more productive approach is to create solutions
with your
complainants. Ask, “So what do you feel is the best way for us to
resolve this situation and prevent it from happening again?”
Listen
attentively to the answers, recognizing that some may be informed by
lingering emotions and therefore aren’t realistic. Still, resist the
temptation to correct people as they offer their ideas.
Elena
suggested that they shelve 30% of their current projects and stop work
on them immediately. While that wasn’t realistic, Paul was able to build
on her suggestion by working with the whole team to generate criteria
to prioritize the project portfolio, which he would then present to
management with a recommended list of projects to stop or pause. The
team also suggested mitigating some of the immediate backlog with
freelancers and contractors to get things back on track. And lastly,
they agreed to include personal capacity check-ins as part of their
project reviews so Paul could maintain an accurate barometer of people’s
emotional well-being.
. . .
Being
on the receiving end of blame is an emotionally complex and painful
experience. Its potential destruction to trust and cohesion in important
relationships can’t be overstated. By having a playbook ready for when
it happens, you can sidestep some of the ugliness and emotional fallout
that often accompanies angry, pointing fingers. Instead, begin with the
expectation that every accusation is an invitation to learn more about
yourself and deepen trust with people you care about.
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