Leadership
The Problem with Saying “My Door Is Always Open” - Sun and Planets Spirituality AYINRIN
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Summary.
Leaders often have an inflated idea of how easy it is for others to speak honestly to them. A two-year research study, including interviews with over 60 senior executives, workshops, and case studies, illuminates a glaring blind spot. Many leaders simply don’t appreciate how risky it can feel for others to speak up. So how do you, as a leader, acknowledge power differences and genuinely encourage others to speak up to you? Ask questions in five key areas: Are you honestly interested in others’ opinions? Have you considered how risky it feels for others to speak up to you? How aware are you of the political game being played? What labels do people apply to you and what labels do you apply to others that define the rules of what can be said? And finally, what specifically do you need to do and say to enable others to speak?
If you are in an influential position, you have probably said words to the effect of “My door is always open.” You likely meant this declaration very genuinely. You might well feel that you are a pretty approachable sort of person and that others feel comfortable coming to you with their issues and their ideas.
This may be true.
But it probably isn’t.
Leaders often have an inflated idea of how easy it is for others to speak honestly to them. Our two-year research study,
including interviews with over 60 senior executives, as well as
workshops and case studies, illuminates a glaring blind spot: We simply
don’t appreciate how risky it can feel for others to speak up. This
is because, if we are in a powerful position, we often take power for
granted. As a member of a privileged in-group, we forget what it is like
to be in the less privileged out-group.
Consider
the phrase “My door is always open.” It contains a number of
assumptions. First, people should meet you on your territory, rather
than the other way around. Second, you have the luxury of a door. Third,
you can choose when to close or open it.
These
details are small but important. Organizational systems contain many
subtle codes that encourage employees to conform. Perhaps the most
obvious, one that breeds considerable cynicism, is when a powerful
person tells people to challenge him…and then punishes those who do. Sam
Goldwyn, the legendary American film producer, referred to this when he
famously said: “I don’t want any yes-men around me. I want everybody to
tell me the truth even if it costs them their job.”
This
seeming contradiction is alive and well in leaders today. When we
interviewed the CEO of a global company, she enthusiastically agreed,
saying, “I want people to be who they are.” Barely pausing for breath,
she went on to explain, “But I do have a little list in my head of
people who don’t fit.”
Most
of us are pretty good at sensing danger. We know whether the person we
are speaking to “has a little list,” and we sensibly stay silent. Such
silence is a dangerous thing for any organization and any leader.
We
know all the dangers of silence. If your employees are full of ideas
about how you can do a better job for the customer, or get a better deal
from a supplier, you need to know. If people cannot speak up to you,
then you will be unaware of issues that could bring your team, your
targets, and even your organization to its knees. An examination of the
emissions scandal at VW, the retail account scandal at Wells Fargo, and
numerous others is testament to how that can play out in the extreme.
For
leaders, none of this is, or should be, news. Most leaders know they
need to be more accessible, more conversational. And so executives agree
to take part in the Friday-lunchtime-pizza-with-the-team sessions and
say again and again that “My door is always open.” Then they wonder
(occasionally with some relief) why people aren’t coming through it very
often.
So how do you, as a leader, acknowledge power differences and genuinely encourage others to speak up to you? Our research suggests that you need to ask questions in five areas:
First, are you honestly interested in other people’s opinions? And
if you are, whose opinions are you most interested in hearing, and
whose are you biased against? What data do you listen to most, and what
are you largely deaf to (financial data, data about people, emotions)?
Being genuinely curious about other perspectives requires a humility
that can be in short supply as you head up the organizational hierarchy.
As the CEO of one company admitted to us, “I expect that my ego
sometimes prevents me hearing stuff I should be listening to.” Before
you conclude that you are sure you don’t have a problem in this area, it
is useful to check by asking yourself, “How do I know that I have a reputation for being open to changing my mind?”
Second, have you considered how risky it feels for others to speak up to you? You
can investigate this more deeply by reflecting on how you tend to
respond when challenged by people. It may well be that on the previous
10 occasions you received challenge with interest and admirable
attentiveness, but on the eleventh you’d had a bad day and just couldn’t
stop yourself from interrupting and grumpily disagreeing with the
person. The eleventh occasion is the story everyone will tell around the
office. And that story is the one that will live on for years. And it
probably is the case that you judge people when they speak up (which is simply human), and it probably is the case that you also happen to be the one who determines the result of their performance appraisals. So it is you who
will need to be extra vigilant of the signals you are sending out when
someone has built up the courage to speak up. And you have to apologize
publicly when you have a bad day (as everyone does) and cut somebody off
at the knees.
Third, how aware are you of the political game being played?
Politics is an inherent part of organizational life; personal agendas
play out all the time in what we choose to say to one another. This is
especially the case when you occupy an influential role. As one of our
interviewees put it, “When they hear you’re the CEO…they say what they
think you want to hear, which can be very frustrating.” Enabling others
to speak up means understanding why this person might be saying what
they are saying (or why they are staying silent) and making an informed
choice about whether to surface that agenda, whether to gently lower the
stakes so the person speaks up, or whether to widen the circle of
individuals you listen to and include those less concerned with “playing
the game.”
Fourth, what labels do people apply to you, and what labels do you apply to others that define the rules of what can be said? When
we meet with others, we label them, consciously or unconsciously. For
example, we badge others as “CEO,” “consultant,” “woman,” “young,”
“new,” or “sales,” and these labels mean different things to different
people in different contexts. But inevitably they are all markers of
status, and status governs the unwritten rules around who can speak and
who gets heard. Seeing unwritten advantage in action is not easy,
particularly if you are fortunate enough to be in the in-group, but
it does not mean we shouldn’t strive to become more aware and to
mitigate any detrimental influence this labelling might have.
Finally, what specifically do you need to do and say to enable others to speak? This
might include anything: reducing status difference by choosing to dress
more casually, introducing a “red card” at executive committee meetings
to ensure someone has the ability to challenge you, or carefully
holding your tendency for extroversion in check so that others get a
moment to speak up. These tactics can only be built on a solid
foundation of self-awareness, informed by the responses to the four
questions above.
If you are wondering why others aren’t speaking up more, first ask yourself how you are inadvertently silencing them.
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